Design and Development of BLDC Motor Controller

Abstract

Electrical machines are used in commercial and industrial applications since last many decades. The fast-dynamic response and high-performance control of electrical machines can be driven by motor drives due to rapid advances in the semiconductor area, such as microcontrollers and power switching devices such as MOSFETs, IGBTs, etc. The stepper motor leads in particular to the permanent synchronous magnet motor and the brushless DC motor (BLDC), which have various advantages like elevated efficiency, little size, reduced rotor losses etc. This thesis work is introducing the design and development of the BLDC motor controller. The three-phase voltage inverter supply the BLDC motor which operates by simultaneously activating two of its three-phase windings, which in turn makes best use of the windings to develop an increasing value of torque. The excitation of the stator windings is closely related rotor position. Hall sensors are used to indicate the position of the rotor. Depending on the rotor position, the switching devices present in the inverter are switched after every 60° interval. The inverter supplies the desired voltage & frequency output by controlling the on and off times using the most appropriate PWM technique. Currently, there are several PWM techniques present, including the sinusoidal and space vector based PWM methods that are mainly used today, interestingly the SVPWM based inverter improves the use of DC bus voltage, reduces switching losses and offers better harmonic performance then the other PWM techniques. The SV-PWM technique and the BLDC motor speed control are simulated using the PSIM software.