Preparation and Characterization of Nanofluids and Some Investigation in Biological Applications

Abstract

Nanofluids are suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, a new challenge for thermal sciences provided by nanotechnology. The tested fluids are prepared by dispersing the Al2O3 into water at three different concentrations such as 1 %, 2 %, and 4 %. Thermophysical properties of nanofluids are measured by KD2 Pro, Ostwald viscometer and specific gravity bottle. Experimental results show that thermal conductivity of nanofluids is higher than the base fluid and with increase in temperature it is increased from 2 % to 44 % (for 1 % particle concentration), 3 % to 47 % (for 2 % particle concentration) and 5 % to 48 % (for 4 % particle concentration). The result indicates that the volumetric specific heat of Al2O3 nanofluid decreases gradually with increasing volume concentration of nanoparticles and with increasing temperature too. Viscosity and density of nanofluids are decreasing with increase in temperature but with increase in particle concentration, viscosity is decreased but density increased. Nanoparticle PCR is a novel method to optimize DNA amplification. With the addition of gold nanoparticles in PCR mixture, it enhanced the efficiency of PCR by reducing the time cycle. Results shows that PCR efficiency is more enhanced with increase in size of nanoparticles and by reducing the enzyme dilution. Nanofluids have not shown satisfactory results with large size of DNA i.e. 2.6 kb. PCR mixture forms immediately precipitate when Al2O3 is added in the mixture so Al2O3 is not fit for PCR.