Fuzzy based DG Allocation for Loss Minimization in Radial Distribution System

Abstract

In recent years, the penetration level of distributed generator into a distribution system has been increasing rapidly in many parts of the world due to the liberalization of the electricity markets, constraints on building new distribution and transmission lines and environmental concerns. Technological advances in small generators, power electronics and energy storage devices have accelerated the penetration of DG unit. DG units are smaller generating units, which are placed closer to the point of consumption. The utilization of a DG unit in the system can made many benefits such as power losses reduction, stability enhancement, environmental sustainability and also voltage profile improvement. The impact of DG unit on the system depends on the size and location of DG unit. Therefore, it is very important to obtain the optimal size and site for DG placement. This thesis work focuses on the power loss minimization and voltage profile improvement of a radial distribution network by proper placing a suitable DG unit. A 33-node radial distribution system has been selected as the test system. In this thesis work a fuzzy expert system has been implemented to find the optimal location of DG unit and an analytical method has been implemented to obtain the optimal size of DG to reduce the network power losses. This thesis presents two types of DG allocation in radial distribution system to minimize losses. A comparison has been done for power loss reduction, voltage profile improvement for the two cases and a backward /forward sweep method of load-flow has been used as a load-flow solution methodology.