Energy Efficient Cognitive Radio Hybrid Voting Rule –PSO

Abstract

Cognitive Radio (CR) was the proposed technology to make the coexistence between Pus and SUs a possible reality. A CR is an intelligent wireless communication system capable of obtaining information from its surrounding environment and, by adjusting its radio operating parameters Spectrum sensing (SS) is one of the possible techniques to find the unused parts of the spectrum, called white spaces (WS). Despite not being necessarily a new area of research, it has been lately subject to fundamental innovations due to the increasing interest on the cognitive radio technology. Cognitive radio sensing structure refers to identifying a secondary node when the primary node faces an overhead of data transmission . In such a case if the network goes for searching the entire network to identify a secondary node , it might consume more time and mean while the data packet might expire . To prevent such hazard in the network , we need to find a path through which the data packets would be send. To achieve the above written statement an optimization technique name PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization ) has been applied . When so ever a primary user searches for a secondary user , the PSO looks in the neighbor of the random selected radio node to be transmitted and searches the entire radio connected nodes of the random selected node . The searching is done on the basis of the energy consumption of the nodes . Once the nodes are sorted out , we compute the overhead of the dynamically selected node. The transmitter side sends only that much data packet which the receiver can handle. To compute the capacity of the destination node , we compute the receiving power of the destination radio node and its coverage node and by the end we take an average accuracy of the spectrum sensing node. Then the procedure is achieved by applying quantization method to the data packets to save the data from external hazards and data losses. The entire procedure is repeated till the last receiving node is not achieved . The selection of a secondary node is made on the basis of several factors like energy utilization of the node getting selected as a secondary node. The optimal selection rule can be done through various algorithms . One of the node selection algorithm is optimal voting rule . The current research work has been made on the basis of the optimization of the cognitive radio sensing spectrum to check the energy dissipation of the secondary node selection. This research work has added and edge to the optimal voting rule in which all the nodes of some category adds their opinion to the network about the selection of one node. This voting rule here has been tried to optimized by using PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION METHOD in combination with probable false alarm detection and the results have been expected to be improved by 5 to 10 percent.