Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless sensor network consists of large number of sensor nodes and a sink which is regarded as Base station. Sensor nodes work on batteries which are difficult to recharge in harsh environments. Thus, each sensor node has limited energy and memory. If all sensor nodes send an aggregated data to the sink separately then energy of nodes reduce very fast.In this report, different methods are proposed to increase the life time of network. Sensor nodes are deployed randomly and uniformly by making clusters whereas Sink node is located at fixed location(25,150) in case of tier based energy efficient protocol. In uniform and random deployment, sensor nodes are divided into three different areas based on the distance from sink,commonly known as tires. Homogeneous energy is given to each node and minimum spanning tree is generated. After that a head node is chosen from each tier based on the maximum energy that can send sensed, aggregated data to the sink.In multipath routing algorithm multiple shorest path is selected by the greedy approach and by use the concept of fuzzy logic the more efficient and reliable path is consider for sending the data to the base station.The result shows that the MPRA is three times better than the single path routing algorithm. Because of energy being a scarce resource simulation results focus on energy comparing between the routing methods. The simulations are implemented in Python language.