Investigation of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Defected Ground Structure for Wireless Applications

Abstract

Wireless communications have been developed widely and rapidly in the modern world especially during the last two decades. The future development of the personal communication devices will aim to provide image, speech and data communications at any time, and anywhere around the world. This indicates that the future communication terminal antennas must meet the requirements of multi-band or wideband to sufficiently cover the possible operating bands. However, the difficulty of antenna design increases when the number of operating frequency bands increases. However, in order to transmit and receive more information large bandwidths are required, and bandwidth enhancement is currently a popular research area. In this work presented, transmission line model is used to simulate rectangular microstrip patch antenna using microstrip feed line. The aim is to study defected ground structure and to analyze on their antenna performance. The conducting patch can take any shape rectangular, circular etc but here rectangular shaped MPA is preferred. The parametric study of the designed antenna is studied and the physical parameters examined in this study include the substrates and their dielectric constants and optimized parameter. Designed with the help of computer simulation technology microwave studio version 10.0 (CST MWS V 10.0). The microstrip patch antenna with a H-shape slot in ground plane at resonating at 1.89 GHz, providing 193MHz bandwidth and using GSM application. The antenna parameters like operating frequency, VSWR, bandwidth, return loss, directivity and gain are determined for each antenna configuration. The operating frequency, VSWR, bandwidth, return loss, directivity and gain of the single band antenna designed are 1.89 GHz, 1.9, 193 MHz, - 20.2631, 2.42 dBi and 12.6 dB respectively. The operating frequency, VSWR, Bandwidth, Return loss, directivity and gain of the Dual band antenna designed are 2.7GHz and 4.6 GHz, 1.2 and 1.3, 590 MHz and 241MHz, -28 and -17, 3.48 dBi and 3.52 dBi and gain is 3.23 dB and 2.75 dB respectively. The multiband antenna having slots in reduced ground plan resonates at 3.5 GHz, 5.4 GHz and 7.1 GHz and provides a wide bandwidth of 1267 MHz, 1150 MHz and 290 MHz. The directivity of the antenna 3.77 dBi, 3.68 dBi and 5.67 dBi, and return loss is -34dB, -31dB and -31dB respectively. The fabrication of the multiband is also done as well as the testing is done using VNA model no: E5071C. The testing results along with the comparison between testing results and simulated results are also show.