Comparative Analysis of DC Motor Speed Control Using Various Controller Tuning Methods

Abstract

Motors have speed dynamics when mechanical parameters like inertia and damping and electrical parameters like resistance and inductance are taken into account. The objective of the controllers is to maintain the speed of rotation of motor with a particular step response with minimizing the properties. The performance of a dc motor controlled by a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is analyzed. Overshoot appears with large settling time thereby confirming the behavior of a PID controller. So it is necessary to tune the PID controller in order to obtain the desired performance. Fuzzy logic based controller is used along with dc motor. Using appropriate expert rules, overshoot is reduced to minimum in this particular case on the cost of increased settling time and rise time. Manual tuning is eliminated and intelligent tuning take over the control with satisfactory performance using fuzzy logic controller. Technique based on PSO, particle swarm optimization is analyzed and simulation is done to control the PID controller and better results are obtained. The PID controller is designed using PSO algorithm to generate set of coefficients associated with controller. Program is used to activate the controller, calculate and plot the time response of control system. An improvement in PID controller is seen by using particle swarm optimization over conventional PID and fuzzy controllers.