Mitigation of Wormhole Attack in VANETs using Trust based secure DV-Hop Localization Algorithm

Abstract

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANETs) is an encouraging approach that aids the vehicles to form a self-organized network in the absence of centralized infrastructure. It is the constituent of MANET and supports intelligent transport system (ITS). Each node is moves freely in ad-hoc network and therefore vehicles are not stable. Due to lack of centralized architecture, security becomes the crucial aspect of ad-hoc network. Cryptographic techniques such as digital signatures and encryption are unable to give the significant results to deal with the wormhole attacks. Wormhole attacks are the most dangerous attacks that hinder the routing operation by introducing wormholes nodes that create tunnel among themselves in order to create the disturbance in the network. In order to deal with this issue, an algorithm is proposed in this research work that would mitigate the severe effects of the wormhole attacks in order to improve the network performance. The range-free localization technique i.e. DV-Hop Algorithm provides the list of trusted nodes when the trust factor of each node is calculated on the basis of RTT. The parameters evaluated by simulating the VANET environment in NS2 are Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Throughput and End to End delay has shown the effective results using the proposed algorithm.