Development of Hydrogel Encapsulated with plant- derived exosome- like- nanoparticles for Wound Healing for Type-2 Diabetes

Abstract

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern, often accompanied by complications such as impaired wound healing due to vascular damage and chronic inflammation. This thesis presents the development and evaluation of innovative hydrogel patches encapsulated with hybrid exosomes derived from ginger and garlic, aimed at accelerating wound healing in T2DM patients. Ginger and garlic are renowned for their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which are harnessed in this study to address the delayed wound healing associated with diabetes. The hydrogel patches were synthesized using a biocompatible polymer matrix, ensuring optimal delivery and sustained release of the encapsulated exosomes at the wound site. The hybrid exosomes were characterized for their size, morphology, and bioactive compound content, confirming their potential to modulate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. In vitro assays demonstrated the ability of the exosome-loaded hydrogels to enhance cellular proliferation and migration, critical processes in wound repair. Furthermore, in vivo studies using a diabetic wound model revealed significant improvements in wound closure rates and histological markers of healing, compared to conventional treatments. This research underscores the therapeutic potential of ginger and garlic hybrid exosomes in promoting efficient wound healing in diabetic patients, offering a promising avenue for the development of advanced wound care solutions. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the application of natural bioactive compounds in regenerative medicine, with implications for improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from diabetes-related complications. Future work will focus on optimizing the formulation and exploring the mechanistic pathways involved in the observed healing effects, paving the way for clinical translation of this novel therapeutic approach.