Modelling and Simulation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Field Oriented Control for Electric Vehicle Applications

Abstract

The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVS) has created a demand for high-performance motor drive systems that provide superior efficiency, fast dynamic response, and precise speed control. Among the various traction motors, the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has become a preferred choice for EV applications due to its high-power density, excellent efficiency, compact size, and reliable operation. To fully utilize these advantages, an effective control strategy is essential. This dissertation pr(sents the design and simulation of a Field Oriented Control (FOC) scheme for a PMSM using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) for electric vehicle applications. The developed system employs a battery fed voltage source inverter to drive the PMSM. The control algorithm is implemented using three Proportional Integral (Pl) controllers, comprising an outer speed control loop and inner d-axis and q-axis current control loops. Clarke and Park transformations are utilize to decouple the stator currents into orthogonal components, enabling independent control of magnetic flux and electromagnetic torque. The SVPWM technique is adopted to generate inverter switching pulses, ensuring improved DC bus voltage utilization and harmonic distortion. The complete drive system is modelled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink R2024a to evaluate its dynamic performance under varying operating conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy achieves accurate speed tracking, stable torque response, and effective cur- rent regulation, making it suitable for vehicle traction applications. The proposed system highlights the effectiveness of combining FOC with SVPWM to enhance the performance, efficiency, and reliability of PMSM drives in modern electric vehicle.